Special Relativity is predicated on two postulates.
- All uniform motion is relative and the laws of physics apply equally to all frames of reference.
- The speed of light is c in a vacuum across all frames of reference.
The necessity of these two paradigms forces a relaxation of absolute time, space, momentum, kinetic energy and simultaneity.
Time Dilation can be understood by a pythagorean analysis of vectors that produces a relation whereby proper time is a multiplied by the Lorentz Factor to obtain relativistic time.
The former is determined by an observer who is at rest relative to the event. The latter sees the event occurring in different places in space.
Relativistic time will always be greater than or equal to measured times with the discrepancy between the two becoming more extreme as velocity tends to c (speed of light).
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