Schools of Art during the
Renaissance were themselves driven by a rebirth of classical ideas, enhanced patronage
and innovation. While Florence is often viewed as the center of Renaissance Art
this is somewhat misleading as there were renowned schools in Naples, Venice
and Rome. In addition France, Germany, Britain and the Low Countries were
significant contributors to the art of this period.
The Following table breaks
down the Four Periods of Renaissance art and highlights the various artists
associated with each. Key style
techniques that developed during the Renaissance include a better understanding
of proportion, foreshortening (creates the illusion of depth), stumato
(blurring) and chiaroscuro (Contrast light and dark).
Table 14 Renaissance Periods
in Italy
Period
|
Timeline
|
Key Facets of the Art
|
Chief Artists
|
Proto Renaissance Italian
|
1280-1400
|
Figurative, religious
themed, influenced by the classics, three-dimensional
|
Giotto, Nicola Pisano,
Giovanni Pisano, Giorgio Vasari
|
Early Renaissance
|
1400-1475
|
Greater focus on
naturalism. Mystical union with God.
|
Massacio, Paolo Ucello,
Piero della Francesca
|
High Renaissance
|
1475-1525
|
More influence of light and
perspective. Strong definition of classical; spirit – harmony, beauty and
serenity. Better detailing of anatomy.
|
Leonardo da Vinci,
Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian
|
Mannerism
|
1525 -1600
|
Exaggerates qualities of
proportion, beauty and balance. Great degree of Intellectual sophistication.
|
Andrea del Sarto, Pontormo,
Tintoretto
|
Renaissance Art was by no
means limited to Italy. There were great schools of art in Germany, France,
Britain and the Low Countries. Notable artists from these regions include –
Albrecht Durer, Hans Holbein, Michael Pacher, Enguerrand Quarton, Jean Fouquet,
Jean Hey, the Limbourg brothers, Nicholas Hilliard, Jan van Eyck, Higo van der
Goes, Hieronymous Bosch, Pieter Bruegel the Elder and Rogier van der Weyden.
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